The Ledger

The world, in numbers that got better

One measurable thing per page, told by the long run of the data. The datasets are public and linked under every chart.

Entry 01

42.8% 3.7%

1800 → 2024

Far fewer children die before their fifth birthday

Entry 02

43.4% 10.4%

1990 → 2024

Extreme poverty has more than halved since 1990

Entry 03

$128.27 $0.26

1975 → 2024

Solar panels cost a tiny fraction of what they used to

Entry 04

12.0% 87.7%

1820 → 2024

Most of the world can now read and write

Entry 05

122,098 zero

1967 → 1980

Smallpox is the first human disease ever eradicated

Entry 06

65,737 536

1981 → 2023

Polio has been pushed to the edge of extinction

Entry 07

28.5 73.2

1770 → 2023

A person born today can expect to live far longer

Entry 08

73.2% 91.6%

1998 → 2023

Nearly everyone on Earth now has electricity

Entry 09

$95,263,070 $525

2001 → 2022

Reading a human genome went from tens of millions of dollars to a few hundred

Entry 10

0.5 years 8.8 years

1870 → 2020

The average adult now spends years in school, not months

Entry 11

429 212

1985 → 2020

A mother's risk of dying in childbirth has roughly halved since 1985

Entry 12

2,113,223 627,811

2004 → 2024

Annual AIDS deaths have fallen by more than two-thirds since their peak

Entry 13

61.3% 73.7%

2000 → 2024

Nearly three-quarters of the world now has safely managed drinking water

Entry 14

8.99 0.59

1900 → 2020

Your odds of dying in a natural disaster have fallen sharply in a century

Entry 15

£29,674.29 £2.15

1300 → 2023

Light stopped being a luxury and became almost free

Entry 16

12.7% 8.2%

2000 → 2024

Fewer people go hungry than a generation ago

Entry 17

892,055 10

1989 → 2025

Guinea worm is close to becoming the second disease ever wiped out

Entry 18

34.8% 21.1%

2000 → 2022

Fewer adults around the world use tobacco

Entry 19

4.85 2.25

1950 → 2023

Fewer children per woman, as childbearing becomes a choice

Entry 20

1,662,589 16,622

1989 → 2021

The world nearly eliminated the chemicals that were destroying the ozone layer

Entry 21

16% 84%

1980 → 2024

Most of the world's children now get the measles vaccine

Entry 22

20% 85%

1980 → 2024

Most children now get the full course of the DTP vaccine

Entry 23

47.7 14.7

2000 → 2024

The world's oldest great killer takes far fewer lives

Entry 24

3.7% 1.7%

1990 → 2024

A newborn's first month is far less deadly than it was

Entry 25

15.6% 71.2%

2005 → 2024

Most of humanity is now online

Entry 26

47% 75%

2000 → 2024

Three-quarters of the world now cooks with clean fuel

Entry 27

21.1% 4.3%

2000 → 2024

Open defecation has become rare

Entry 28

31.3% 58.5%

2000 → 2024

More of the world has a safe, private toilet

Entry 29

$9,210 $78

1991 → 2024

Batteries cost a fraction of what they did

Entry 30

0.0% 17.3%

1985 → 2025

Wind and solar went from nothing to a sixth of the world's power

Entry 31

3,400,000 1,300,000

1996 → 2024

New HIV infections have fallen far below their peak

Entry 32

70,374 12,187

1986 → 2026

The world's nuclear arsenals are far smaller than at their peak

Entry 33

1% 77%

2000 → 2024

Most people with HIV are now on treatment

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